1. Ubushushu: Ubushushu bunefuthe elithe ngqo kwi-thermal conductivity yezinto ezahlukeneyo zokufakelwa kwe-thermal.Njengoko iqondo lokushisa linyuka, i-thermal conductivity yezinto eziphathekayo iphakama.

2. Isiqulatho sobumanzi: Zonke izinto zokufakelwa kwe-thermal zinesakhiwo se-porous kwaye kulula ukufunxa umswakama.Xa ubumanzi bungaphezulu kwe-5% ~ 10%, ukufuma kuthatha indawo ye-pore ekuqaleni ezaliswe ngumoya emva kokuba i-material ifunxa ukufuma, ibangela ukuba i-conductivity yayo ye-thermal inyuke kakhulu.

3. Ubuninzi bobuninzi: Ubuninzi bobuninzi bubonisa ngokuthe ngqo i-porosity yezinto.Ekubeni i-thermal conductivity yesigaba segesi ngokuqhelekileyo ingaphantsi kwesigaba esiqinileyo, izinto zokufakelwa kwe-thermal zine-porosity enkulu, oko kukuthi, ubuninzi obuncinci.Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, ukunyusa ama-pores okanye ukunciphisa ubuninzi obuninzi kuya kubangela ukuhla kwe-thermal conductivity.

4. Ubungakanani be-particle ye-loose material: Kwiqondo lokushisa lokushisa, i-thermal conductivity ye-loose material iyancipha njengoko ubungakanani bezinto eziphathekayo buyancipha.Xa ubukhulu becala bukhulu, ubukhulu be-gap phakathi kweengqungquthela buyakhula, kwaye ukuqhutyelwa kwe-thermal yomoya phakathi kuya kunyuka ngokuqinisekileyo.Ubuncinci besayizi ye-particle, encinci i-coefficient yokushisa ye-thermal conductivity.

5. Ulwalathiso lokuhamba kobushushu: Ubudlelwane phakathi kwe-thermal conductivity kunye ne-heater flow flow ikhona kuphela kwizinto ze-anisotropic, oko kukuthi, izinto ezinezakhiwo ezahlukeneyo kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo.Xa isalathiso sokuhambisa ubushushu sihambelana nefiber direction yefiber, i-thermal insulation performance ingcono kunaxa ukuhanjiswa kobushushu kuhambelana nefiber direction;ngokufanayo, ukusebenza kwe-thermal insulation yento enenani elikhulu leepores ezivaliweyo nazo zingcono kunokuba zineembobo ezinkulu ezivulekileyo.Izinto ze-stomatal zohlulwe ngakumbi zibe ziindidi ezimbini: into eqinileyo enamaqamza kunye namasuntswana aqinileyo ekudibaneni okuncinci omnye komnye.Ngokwembono yolungiselelo lwezixhobo zefibrous, kukho iimeko ezimbini: isalathiso kunye nesalathiso sokuhamba kobushushu zi-perpendicular kunye ne-fiber direction ye-fiber kunye ne-heater flow flow ihambelana.Ngokubanzi, ilungiselelo lefiber yefiber insulation material yeyokugqibela okanye ikufutshane neyokugqibela.Imeko efanayo yoxinaniso yinto enye, kunye nokushisa kwayo I-coefficient incinci kakhulu kune-thermal conductivity yezinye iindlela ze-porous insulation materials.

6. Impembelelo yokuzalisa igesi: Kwi-thermal insulation material, ininzi yokushisa iqhutywe kwi-gas kwi-pores.Ngoko ke, i-thermal conductivity ye-insulating material inqunywe kakhulu luhlobo lwegesi yokuzalisa.Kwinjineli yobushushu obuphantsi, ukuba i-helium okanye i-hydrogen igcwalisiwe, inokuthathwa njengento yokuqala yokulinganisa.Kucatshangelwa ukuba i-thermal conductivity ye-insulating material ilingana ne-thermal conductivity yale gesi, kuba i-thermal conductivity ye-helium okanye i-hydrogen inkulu.

7. Umthamo wokushisa okhethekileyo: Umthamo wokushisa okhethekileyo wezinto zokukhusela zihambelana nomthamo wokupholisa (okanye ukushisa) okufunekayo ukupholisa kunye nokufudumeza kwesakhiwo se-insulating.Kubushushu obuphantsi, umthamo wobushushu obuthile bazo zonke izinto eziqinileyo ziyahluka kakhulu.Ngaphantsi kweqondo lokushisa eliqhelekileyo kunye noxinzelelo, umgangatho womoya awudluli i-5% yezinto zokugquma, kodwa njengoko ukushisa kwehla, umlinganiselo wegesi uyanda.Ngoko ke, le nto kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo xa kubalwa izinto zokufakelwa kwe-thermal ezisebenza phantsi koxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo.

8. I-Coefficient yokwandiswa komgca: Xa ubala ukuqina kunye nokuzinza kwesakhiwo se-insulation kwinkqubo yokupholisa (okanye ukufudumala), kuyimfuneko ukwazi i-coefficient yokwandiswa komgca we-insulation material.Ukuba i-coefficient yokwandiswa kwe-linear ye-thermal insulation material incinci, i-thermal insulation structure ayinakwenzeka ukuba yonakaliswe ngenxa yokwandiswa kwe-thermal kunye nokunciphisa ngexesha lokusetyenziswa.I-coefficient yokwandiswa komgca wezinto ezininzi zokufakelwa kwe-thermal ziyancipha kakhulu njengoko ubushushu buyancipha.